Subsurface structural uncertainty can be sourced to errors in migration velocity models, which directly affect the position of migrated events. One of the reasons for these errors is limitations in the resolution of seismic data. These limitations result in non-unique velocity models, where multiple models can equally flatten the events in common image gathers. The resultant subsurface structural uncertainty can have a direct impact on reservoir reserves estimation, spill point and closures, and well planning across fault zones.
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